Watch all of the videos provided in the link (6 total). In your own words, please write down:
- When did each movement occurs, and where did it begin?
- Who were the main/influential figures.
- What were the highlights of each movement? (could be anything from an activities or an object)
- Why the movement can flourish during that period of time?
- How do you think the each movement could relates to one-another?
Design in a Nutshell - YouTube https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLhQpDGfX5e7CJ87BDeuTdXTpxl0YM2Tdb
Analysis of Art Movement
The gothic revival dated back during the Medieval Times in England. Sir George Gilbert Scott was the main influential role who led the movement, he built many gothic revival churches. These churches were the highlight of the movement, bringing high pitched roofs, tall spires, so on and so forth. The movement flourished for society at that era and needed more churches.
In 1863, Britain, the arts and crafts movement started as a rebellion to industry. William Morris led this rebellion because of his belief that industrial production limits artists from fully utilizing their skills and creativity. The highlight of the arts and crafts movement is the movement which promoted the change in economy and society to stand up for artists who aren’t acknowledged for their work. The unity of artists rebelling against mass production is the reason why this movement flourished.
The bauhaus movement occurred during the modern age and peaked in between the world wars in Germany. Breuer, a furniture designer, is one of main figures of this era who created the cantilevered chair. This chair is one of the highlight innovations of the bauhaus movement, making the first ever light weight metal chair. The bauhaus movement was revolutionary due to the fact that it is more fond of minimalism in geometric architectural designs.
Modernism started around the 20th century in the United Kingdom. Modernism introduced the world to a bigger spectrum of art styles such as cubism, symbolism, futurism, etc. An artist who was influential in this era is Georgii Krutikov. Georgii is an architect and artist known for designing the Flying City. Modernism flourished due to it’s goal of advancing and moving forward from history.
During the 1920s at the great depression, the American industrial design movement began. Norman Bel Geddes, an industrial designer, is one of the most influential figures in the movement. He developed utilitarian art and the Futurama exhibition. This exhibition was very impactful to society for it presented the possibility of how the future would be like. The movement flourished because manufacturers needed a way to get people to buy products again due to the great depression, and so they decided to prioritize a product’s packaging and appearance rather than it’s functionality to appeal more towards society, which then proved to be successful.
Postmodernism occurred on March 16th, 1972 in the UK. Postmodernists is completely contradictory to Modernism, it is a defiance and revision of Modern. A good example of this is the Las Vegas strip for it distorts the reality for its visitors. Postmodernism flourished because it challenged modernism in a sense that it believed in more than one style. Minimalism is the last thing that postmodernists want to achieve. They wanted to challenge the viewers to ask questions when seeing the designs.
All of the movements mentioned above have a connection within each other. They share the similarity of striving to keep innovating for the advancement of the future. Each era develops a new design which will benefit society globally. Moreover, history will repeat itself. Meaning a few things from the past would relapse although a contradicting to a movement was already created (for example: modernism with postmodernism). People may create incredible advancements in technology, but there will always be artists who are willing to fight for traditional art to not be replaced by industrial production.
Reference List
OpenLearn from The Open University, 2013. Gothic Revival: Design in a Nutshell (1/6). [video] Available at: <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NsfL8KpM7Qs&list=PLhQpDGfX5e7CJ87BDeuTdXTpxl0YM2Tdb&index=1> [Accessed 14 April 2021].
OpenLearn from The Open University, 2013. Arts and Crafts: Design in a Nutshell (2/6). [video] Available at: <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CBq73yxha0o&list=PLhQpDGfX5e7CJ87BDeuTdXTpxl0YM2Tdb&index=2> [Accessed 14 April 2021].
OpenLearn from The Open University, 2013. Bauhaus: Design in a Nutshell (3/6). [video] Available at: <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZQa0BajKB4Q&list=PLhQpDGfX5e7CJ87BDeuTdXTpxl0YM2Tdb&index=3> [Accessed 14 April 2021].
OpenLearn from The Open University, 2013. Modernism: Design in a Nutshell (4/6). [video] Available at: <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vDCEtnXlA4Y&list=PLhQpDGfX5e7CJ87BDeuTdXTpxl0YM2Tdb&index=4> [Accessed 14 April 2021].
OpenLearn from The Open University, 2013. American Industrial Design: Design in a Nutshell (5/6). [video] Available at: <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ceKmkvOLD3Q&list=PLhQpDGfX5e7CJ87BDeuTdXTpxl0YM2Tdb&index=5> [Accessed 14 April 2021].
OpenLearn from The Open University, 2013. History & the Arts - Postmodernism: Design in a Nutshell (6/6). [video] Available at: <https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lKomOqYU4Mw&list=PLhQpDGfX5e7CJ87BDeuTdXTpxl0YM2Tdb&index=6> [Accessed 14 April 2021].
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